Baptism Essay -- essays research papers

Baptism There are nearly 21,000 different Christian denominations in the world today. With such an enormous number of diverse groups, understanding the beliefs and practices of each and the differences that distinguish one from another can be quiet confusing. While many denominations are similar, observing the same rites and sacraments, others have little in common other than the fact that they all accept Jesus as the Lord of God. In today's modern world, when we think about religion and Christianity, it is almost impossible not to think about Christian Baptism and its members. Christian Baptism is that point at which one acclaims and affirms the true gospel of Christ (Clearman 12). The ministry of John the Baptist is the founder of Christian Baptism. To achieve the erasing of sin, he administered a baptism of water by doing it in the water of Jordan River by itself. Between many people that John had baptized he also baptized Jesus Christ. Jesus' baptism inaugurated his public ministry, and he later gave his disciples the mission of baptizing in the name of Trinitarian faith. They continued to practice the baptism of water of the type administered by John. Jesus continued John's movement, but he also added new meaning to baptism. Now, baptism symbolized not only a change of heart but also the coming Holy Spirit which was to mark the messianic age (Hinnells 91). Baptism not long after this became very popular and people all over the world were practiced baptizing. Today ...

CT scan of abdomen and pelvis without contrast Essay

ABDOMEN: The lung basis appeared unremarkable. The liver, spleen, gallbladder, adrenals, kidneys and pancreas and abdominal aorta appeared unremarkable. The bowels seen on the study appeared thickened. Dilated appendix seen constant with acute appendicitis. Osseous structures of the abdomen appeared unremarkable. No free air was seen. PELVIS: Good quality, non contrasted actual CT examination of the pelvis with coronal reconstructions. Prostate, seminal vesicles and urinary bladder appeared WNL. The bowels seen on the study appeared WNL, except for inflammatory changes of the appendix and seccum with acute appendicitis. Osseous structures of the pelvis appeared in tract with evidence of bilateral hip degenerative changes. IMPRESSION: 1. Findings consistent with acute appendicitis 2. Degenerative changes of the hips Paula Reddy NN:EF D: T: DISCHAGE SUMMARY Patient Name: Benjamin Engelhart Patient ID: 112592DOB: 10/05/Age: 46Sex: M Date of Admission: 11/14/2012 Date of Discharge: 11/17/2012 Admitting Physician: Benard Kester, MD General Surgery Procedures Performed: Laparoscopic appendectomy with placement of RLQ drain on 11/14/2012 Complications: None. Discharge Diagnosis: Acute subapperative appendectomy perforated. DIAGNOSTIC/IMAGING LABS: Lab results at the time of admission showed a WBC count of 13. CT scan done in the ED revealed an acute appendicitis with fleggon. HOSPITAL COURSE: The 46 years old Caucasian gentleman presented to the ED with a 3 day history of abdominal pain, however in the last 24 hours and it has________ migrated to the RLQ with anneorixia, guarding and elevated WBC of 13 and CT scan consistent with appendicitis. The patient was taken to the operating room where he underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy that revealed appendix perforation and phlegmon. The appendix was removed in toto with an intact stable line. A drain was placed in the RLQ due to the fleggmonous material. Patient did well over the successive 2-3 days postoperatively with resumption of an oral diet having past flatus with having bowel movement with minimal drain output. However his WBC lowered to 6. His drain has been left intact. Patient is being discharged on the post operative day 3 on a 1 week course of PO gentamicin. The drain left in place. The drain will be removed in my office on 11/24/2012 if the drain output is minimal. Patient is on a PO diet. He was given a script for both antibiotics and PO narcotics. (Continued) PLAN: Post operative visit in my office in 1 week for evaluation and possible removal of JP drain. No heavy lifting for 4 weeks following surgery. Patient is to complete his full course of post operative antibiotics. DISCHAGE SUMMARY Patient is to report to the ED or my office earlier if any redness or foul smelling drainage out of the wound sit. Any swelling, fever, pain or any other concerns. Patient and his wife verbalized the understanding of the agreement with the above plan. Bernard Kester CC: Max Hirsch, MD D:11/14/2012 T:11/14/2012 HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Patient Name: Benjamin Engelhart Patient ID: 112592DOB: 10/05Age: 46 Date of Admission: 11/14/2012 Emergency Room Physician: Alex McClure, MD Admission Diagnosis: Acute Appendicitis HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: 46 year old gentlemen with past medical history significant only for degenerative disease with bilateral degenerative disease of the hips. Secondary to arthritis. Presents to the Emergency room after having had 3 days of abdomen pain. It usually started 3 days ago and was generalized vague abdomen complaint. Earlier this morning the pain localized and radiated to the RLQ. He had some nausea without amesis. He was able to tolerate PO earlier around 6am. but now denies having an appetite. Patient had very small bowel movement earlier this morning that was not normal for him. He has not passes has the morning. ‘he is voiding well. Denies fevers, chills or night sweats. The pain is localized to the RLQ without radiation at this point. He has never had a colonoscopy. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: Significant for arthritis of bilateral hips seen by Dr. Hersch. PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: Negative MEDICATIONS: Piroxicam for degenerative joint disease of bilateral hips ALLERGIES: No known drug allergies SOCIAL HISTORY: Patient admits alcohol ingestion nightly and on weekends. Denies tobacco use and illicit drug us. He is married. FAMILY HISTORY: No history of cancer or inflammatory bowel disease in his family. REVIEW OF SYSTEMS;;12 point ROS was preformed and is negative except noted in above HIP, PMH and PSH. Careful attention was paid to endocrine, integumentary, pulmonary, renal and neurological exam PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Vital Signs. TEMPERATURE: 101.0, Blood Pressure- 127/179, Heart Rate-129, Respirations- 185, Weight-215. Situations 96% on room air. Pain Scale- 8/10. HEENT-Normal cephalic, atrumatic pupils equally round and reactive to light. Extra ocular motions intact. ORAL: Shows oral pharynx clear but slightly dry mucosal membranes. TMS: Clear. NECK: Supple, No thrangegally or JVD. No cervical,  subclavicular, axilarry or lingual lymphinalpathy. HEART: Regular rate and rhythm. No thrills or murmur heard. LUNGS: Clear to aspiration bilateral. ABDOMEN: Obese with minimal bowel sounds, slightly distended there is RLQ tenderness with guarding and pinpoint rebound. Positive _____. Actuator signs with negative psoas side. RECTAL: No evidence of blood or masses. PROSTATE: WNL. EXTREMITIES: No clubbing, cyanosis, clots or edmea. 1+ pedal pulses bilaterally. NUERO: Cranial nerves 2-12 grossly intact. DIAGNOSTIC DATA: WBC was 13.4, Hemoglobin and hematocrit 15.4 and 45.8, platelets 206 with 89% shift. Sodium 133, Potassium 3.7,Chorlide 99, Bicarbonate 24, BUM and Creatine 18 and 1.1, Lukeuos 146, adermin 4.3, total bulliru,1.7, remainder of the LFTs is WNL. Urinary analysis reveals trace keytones with 100 mg per decimeter with small amount of blood. CT scan was preformed revealing evidence of acute appendicitis with parasitical inflammation as well as facilitation of appendix inflammation and haziness in aperparacifiacal dilation. There is evidence of degenerative joint disease in bilateral hips on the cat scan as well. ASSESTMENT PLAN: This 46 year old Caucasian gentleman has signs and symptoms and radiographical findings consistent with acute appendicitis without evidence of abscesses. The plan is to take him to the operating room for laproscopic possible open appendectomy and possible large bowel dissection should the case resisitated. Plan was discussed with patient with his wife. Risk, benefits and alternatives were discussed. There was no barriers to communication and all questions were answered appropatily The patient understands the plan and desires to proceed . (Continued) The plan was discussed with Dr. Keslerof general surgery who agrees and will take patient to operating room . Alex McClure, MD D:11/14/2012 T:11/14/2012 PATHOLOGY REPORT Patient Name: Benjamin Engelhart Patient ID: 112592 DOB: 10/05/Age: 46Sex: M Pathology Report No: 10-S-9044 Date of Surgery: 11/14/2012 Attending Physician: Bernard Kester, MD general surgery Preoperative Diagnosis: Acute appendicitis Postoperative Diagnosis: Necrotizing acute appendicitis Specimen Received: Appendix other than incidental Date specimen received: 11/14/2012 Date reported: 11/16/2012 CLINICAL HISTORY: Acute appendicitis. GROSS DESCRIPTION: The specimen was received in formily? With patient name, ID and appendix. It consist of a appendix measuring 6 x1.5Ãâ€"1.5 cm there periepdesial fat attached to it measuring 6Ãâ€"4 by1 cm. The cirrosal surface is hemmoraggric. Upon opening the appendix there is percudent exudates material. The wall thickness measures 0.3cm. Representive sections are present is 1 cassettes. MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION: Performed MICROSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS: Appendix appendectomy, Necrotizing acute appendicitis. ICD Diagnosis Code: 540.9 (Continued) CPT Code: 8-88304 Georgia Tamato,MD ALW: D:11/14/2012 T:11/14/2012 OPERTIVE REPORT Patient Name: Benjamin Engelhart Patient ID: 112592DOB: 10/05Age: 46Sex: M Date of Admission: 11/14/2012 Date of Procedure: 11/14/2012 Admitting Physician: Bernard Kester, MD General Surgery Surgeon: Bernard Kester, Assistant: Jason Wangner, PAC Circulating nurse: Jimmy Dale Jet, RN Preoperative diagnosis: Acute appendicitis. Post operative diagnosis: Perforated appendicitis. Operative Procedure: 1: Laparoscopic Appendectomy. 2: Placement of RLQ drain. Anesthesia: General endotracheal. Specimen Removed: 1 Necrotic appendix. IV Fluids: 1700 crystalloid. Estimated Blood Loss: 10mL. Urine Output: 300mL. Complications: None. INDICATIONS: This gentleman is a 46 year old Caucasian male that came in with a 3 day history of abdominal pain, however the pain worsened after 24 hours to the RLQ and caused a significant amount of anorixia. He presented to the ER department. CT scan to abdominals and pelvis showed acute appendicitis. Labs showed WBC at 13. Laparoscopic appendectomy procedure was explained along with the risk, benefits and possible complications. Patient voiced his desire to proceed. Patient was started on preoperative gentamicin. DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: Patient was ID’d times 2 in the pre op holding area. A final timeout was held in the nursing area, anesthesia and surgical service during in which the patient ID was confirmed and the surgical site was initialed. He was given preoperative antibiotics. He was taken back to the OR and placed in the supine position. General endotracheal anesthesia was induced. SEDs were placed on his lower extremities. His Left arm was tucked to the side. Foley Catheter was placed. His abdomen was shaved and prepped with betadine solution, and draped in the usual standard fashion. A small semicircular umbilical incision was made to the subcutaneous tissue down to the fascia. And was gasped at either side and was incised. Kelly clamped was easily inserted. Stay sutures made a _____on either side the Hasson trocar was placed and pneumoperitoneum was easily  achieved. 10 mL port was placed in Left abdomen and a 5 mL was placed in the LLQ. Inspection of RLQ showed a significant amount of adhesions and the small bowel trying to wall off perforated appendix. Milky purulent exudates was noted in surrounding area. The small bowel was carefully peeled off the RLQ side wall. Fibrous exudate the vermiform appendix was identified. It was neurotic perforated in appearance The cecum was mobilized by taking down the lateral attachments laterally. The adhesions of the terminal illium through the pelvis were significant, attempts at this time were not made to free them. There was no evidence of obstruction. The base of the appendix was Identified and dissected and lifted free. Stapler loaded with___ was used to transect the base______however again inflammation extended to the level of the cecum. Though the cecum itself was also inflamed. The remainder of the mesoappendix was divided with a Endo GIA loaded with a _____. Appendix was placed into a endo catch bag was brought out through the umbilical cord site and sent to pathology for routine processing. Inspection of the RLQ and the area was irrigated coupsuley, there was no further evidence of purulent exudate. The appendicualr stump remained and doesn’t appear to be inflamed. However____wasn’t bl eeding. There was some fibrous exudate in the area. Consequently I felt like we had 2 options, we either perform a right epicolodectomy, given the intent of the adhesions in the pelvis would likely require a laparotomy or place a drain with antibiotics possibly controlling the fistula until the inflammation resolves. But hopefully it will heal on its own spontatensouly. Consequently we placed a19 French round Blake drain in the RLQ and brought it out through the LLQ in the 5mm port site. It was secured to the skin using a micro suture. Nuenopartiumeum was then desufflated the fascia of the umbilical port site was closed using a 2,o vicro that had been previously placed. All wounds were enthsitized using 1/2% marking solution and was coupsley irrigated. Skin edges approximated using 4 or monocro. The wounds were dressed with beatdine spray and steri strips. Drain sponge was placed around the drain, Foley catheter was removed. The patient was awakened, exubated then taken to recovery PAR in stable condition. Having tolerated the procedu re well. No complications were observed. DISPOSISTION: 1: The patient will be transferred to the floor. 2: He will be kept at least overnight. 3: He will be taught drain care. 4: He will go home with the drain on place. 5: He may require a fistulagram in the future. Benard Kester, MD D:11/14/2012 T:11/14/2012

Economics in construction

1. Perfect competition maybe described as a theoretical form of market wherein no buyer or supplier has the capacity (or what is termed the ‘market power’) to control the market price. Regular definitions of perfect competition in economics describe it as a situation in which there is absolutely ‘efficient outcome’. The hypothetical situation of ‘perfect competition’ is primarily conjured to build the fundamentals of the supply and demand theory. Totally contrary to the ideas of a perfectly competitive market is the idea of a monopoly, which maybe defined as a continual market situation within which there is only one supplier of a particular service or an item. All monopolies are necessarily devoid of any economic competition and the utter deficiency of ‘substitute goods’. Often a monopoly is sanctioned by the state. Such a monopoly is called a ‘legal monopoly’ or a ‘government granted monopoly’ and is authorized by the government so as to encourage firms to take up a particularly ‘risky’ or ambitious project. Instead of allowing a certain firm to take up a venture in this manner the state might also keep the project all to itself. Such a situation will then be referred to as a ‘government monopoly’. (King, 126) Unlike in a monopoly in a perfectly competitive market there are a number of minor suppliers and buyers who operate at equal capacities in the market. Given their equal status neither of them manages to attain enough significance to influence the market in their favor. The firms in such a set-up are therefore price-takers rather than price-setters, as in the case of monopolies. Also, while a monopoly provides a particular, unique item or service to the market in a perfectly competitive market no firm enjoys any sort of individuality. Instead, each of their products is quite like the others such that there is no room for ‘product differentiation’. A monopoly remains the sole provider of a certain product or service by simply barring other similar firms to enter the market by some means or the other. Often such means include government authorization, like in the case of ‘legal monopolies’ discussed above. In case of perfect competition however no such entry barrier can be introduced. As a result any given firm can enter the market if it wishes to. Similarly, unlike in a monopoly in a perfect competition set-up all firms have access to the same kind of resources all of which are completely ‘mobile’. In a monopoly of course a particular firm controls (and occasionally even withholds) essential resources and production expertise. Given the large number of close substitutes available for the products/services sold by firms in a perfectly competitive set-up it is only obvious that no single firm or even a group of firms have any say about the ‘market-price’. The price of the products or services of firms in an arrangement such as this is duly decided instead by the market, which in turn depends on the behavior of the buyer. A monopoly however doesn’t remain obligated to the market in this manner. Instead, it effectively determines the market price simply by increasing or decreasing the quantity of its produce. Such independence is enjoyed by a monopoly simply because it faces no form of price pressure from opponents. However, there is a limit to which this liberty maybe pushed. Monopolies that raise their price far beyond permissible limits invite competition and may soon have to face rivals providing the same services/products either legally or even illegally. (Fletcher, 188) 2. The residential construction industry might pretend to be a single, solid, well defined industry but it in fact is far from being that. As anyone who has ever had a house made knows building a great house involves a number of things; great plumbing, great carpentry, great painting etc. etc. etc. Given the large demands of building a residential outfit the residential construction industry does not represent one single market, like it appears to be but rather a variety of sectors. However, not all of them need to come into play in every residential construction project. Often a particular house does not need all the facilities the industry is capable of providing it with. For instance if an environmentalist who feels strongly about the use of wood in his house decides to build a house tomorrow he is hardly likely to employ a carpenter, irrespective of how easily he can land one. Similarly a family who decides to paint their interiors themselves will not need painters, at least to the extent they are usually needed by new house owners. Also, in many cases residential construction involves repairing old structures. This obviously takes less effort and expertise than those required for building a house from scratch. As is obvious therefore there are a number of ifs and buts in the industry. We will take a look at some of these a little closely. Normally, specialist contractors who have long standing reputation in the field carry out residential constructions. These individuals take complete responsibility of building an entire building from scratch and cover everything from plumbing to painting. Once they achieve the contract however they duly sub-contract additional independent workers who assist and accompany their own crew. Contractors are often described as the king of the jungle in their own area. They are managers, salesmen, supervisors and directors all rolled into one. As a result of their unique capacity to bring in professionals of their own field under their wings these individuals soon turn out to be perfect monopolies by themselves. Often many of these professionals operate all by themselves in a given area, without any form of opposition or competition. Given their advantageous position they duly flex every possible monopoly muscle they possibly can and obviously determine the market price of the services they provide. Similarly special service providers in the industry, such as say wood engravers or carvers who are both sophisticated and rare in terms of their skill usually monopolize the market and set the market price by themselves. Unlike them plumbers or electricians, who are found in plenty and whose skills hardly vary can never really behave in a monopolistic manner. Instead, their circuit closely replicates what can be called a ‘perfectly competitive’. Much like them painters and carpenters can hardly afford to be choosy or ultra expensive since they are easy to substitute. A good illustration of this point is provided by the use of lumber in the industry in the past decade or so. The U.S. residential construction industry is, by all accounts the biggest consumer of softwood lumber. However, the amount of softwood lumber available to the industry fell dramatically following the restrictions that came to be placed on state and federal forests in the past few years. As a result of this unfortunate fall in supply a large chunk of the industry soon shifted to other alternatives available in the market. Amongst the 2,500 builders we surveyed for this particular study about 12.8% reported to have increased their use of alternative structural materials in the past decade alone. 99% of the respondents also confessed to having started to use at least one out of the long list of alternative structural materials that we provided them with. Till 1995 only 91% of the builders interviewed used substitute materials. (Kar, 145) While the decreased supply of lumber has obviously proved unfortunate for the lumber industry the construction industry itself has survived virtually unscathed. This is primarily due to the wide availability of materials such as reinforced concrete, plastic fiber, steel etc. which maybe easily used as a replacement for lumber. This example clearly proves the market for construction material itself therefore it maybe said to be a ‘perfectly competitive’ market. With easily available substitutes, easy entry into the market and hardly any product differentiation it fits almost every characteristic of the ‘perfect competition’ market to the tee. Unlike lumber and its alternatives however other important facets of construction are not as easily obtained. The expertise required to design a house for instance is far harder to replace than the construction material it is to be built with. Due to the utter importance of their job and how extraordinarily dependant on knowledge and skill it is, the architect and the whole engineering industry maybe described as a bit of a monopoly. It is of course difficult to enter their market, there are hardly any ‘substitutes’ available (since the level of skill and expertise of each engineer varies from the other) and the engineers themselves tend to determine the market price of their know-how. (Lamb, 243-245) Thus we see how the residential construction industry of U.S.A. is actually a mà ©lange of a wide variety of competitive markets and not a single market by itself. It is the proper functioning of each of these individual parts that ultimately allows the construction business to function properly. References: Fletcher, R; Economy: Beliefs and Knowledge; Believing and Knowing. (Mangalore: Howard & Price. 2006) pp 188 Kar, P; History of Indian Consumer Market Applications (Kolkata: Dasgupta & Chatterjee 2005) pp 145 King, H; Fiscal Fitness Today (Dunedin: HBT & Brooks Ltd. 2005) pp 126 Lamb, Davis; Cult to Culture: The Development of Civilization on the Strategic Strata. (Wellington: National Book Trust. 2004) pp 243-245   

Just Do It Essay

Sharad Haksar’s Just Do It is part of his very moving series of pictures he calls â€Å"Brand Irony. † This series portrays ironic juxtapositions of world-renowned brands combined with interesting visuals. In this specific picture, Haskar shows Nike’s famous Swoosh accompanied by its â€Å"Just Do It† slogan on a wall acting as an advertisement somewhere in India. On the wall next to the ad, a young boy is urinating as a little dog looks on. At first a feeling of excitement comes over the viewer because of Nike’s large media presence and its ties to athleticism. The boy urinating next to the slogan seems to then invoke a feeling of humor. These emotions soon give way, however, to a much deeper and serious analysis. Soon enjoyment and wittiness turn into anger and sadness as the details of the image slowly come forward. Born in India, Sharad Haksar was probably accustomed to seeing this kind of situation day in and day out. For this reason, Haksar was surely biased in the way that he definitely had some kind of disgust with companies like Nike. He is trying to appeal to the same audience Nike would be trying to attract in their advertisements. This would be, for the most part, young and active people anywhere from the ages 15-40. More than that, he is also trying to appeal to anyone who has an interest in photography, advertising, and the worldwide problem of worker exploitation. He finished up his collection of photos entitled â€Å"Brand Irony† in 2006. These photos were meant to show big-market companies advertising in ironic situations and/or places. In this specific photo, his frustration with large corporations exploiting their workers seems to be the focal point. Nike is a world –power when it comes to brand imagery, and their â€Å"Just Do It† slogan is as recognizable as any. By combining the first glance humor of a boy urinating on a wall, with the more profound message hidden deeper inside the photo, Haksar creates a brilliant image that begs to be understood. Many human beings see Nike as a model company, one that is always progressing its craft, and constantly trying to better its products. Haksar realizes this, and he wants to shed some light on the other side of the business. He wants to show how huge commercial businesses like Nike affect the countries and communities in which they conduct their trades. Nike has been at the forefront of â€Å"sweatshop† controversy in India, and the dirty and grimy background of the image appeals to this controversy. The â€Å"Just Do It† slogan, rather than being the upbeat, creative influence it usually is, is now portrayed in a much darker light. In Indonesia alone, 30% of factory workers were reported as being verbally abused, with another 2. 5% experiencing â€Å"unwanted fondling† (Dukcevich). In Honduras, two Nike subcontractors closed down their plants, pushing 1,800 natives out of work. It didn’t stop there, though. In complete disregard for Hondurian law, they refused to pay the $2 million in severance that was rightfully owed. Nike’s â€Å"factory to factory† competitiveness creates â€Å"an ultra-competitive environment that drives down wages and gives factory owners virtually no choice but to disrespect workers’ basic rights† (Greenhouse). The motto â€Å"Just Do It† is supposed to cast anger over the viewer, as it is clear that this is not an option to these people; life will never grant them the chance to just do it. Haksar is trying to bring awareness to the poverty-laden countries that big companies exploit to inexpensively run their large factories. He is trying to show that these disadvantaged humans slave over products that they cannot and probably never will be able to afford. This underprivileged boy and the rest of this community are living a life that doesn’t allow them to â€Å"Just Do It,† the opportunities just aren’t there. They lead a life of struggling to survive on insufficient paying jobs, some even as factory line workers in one of Nike’s 1000 factories worldwide. It is not unusual for these workers, most of the time women and children ages 10-24, to work 13-hour shifts and come home with a meager $1. 60. This fact becomes staggering when one takes into account that the average minimum living wage in most of the third world countries that house Nike factories is somewhere around $3. 00 to $5. 00 a day (Braddock). Exploited workers in these factories have no chance of living any kind of lifestyle Nike promotes, but rather become the impoverished human beings that are the face of third-world countries around the globe. The boy in the picture that at first seemed so comical is in fact without hoes or a shirt. He is clearly indigent and the littered ground he stands on emphasizes this. A sense of pity is immediately taken up for the boy, as he cannot even afford to put a pair of shoes on his feet, let alone the ones Nike advertises. Then the focus shifts to the dog. The dog that at first seemed cute and harmonious prancing next to the boy, now seems ragged and undersized. As the powerful, commenting images slowly unfold from Haskar’s photo, the picture transforms from just an advertisement to a much more critical view of Nike’s world-power franchise. He is trying to invoke a sense of guilt and remorse in his audience for their participation in buying Nike’s products. Moreover, a sense of anger is supposed to be instilled in the viewer, caused by Nike’s insistence on advertising in countries where just a miniscule part of the population has the means to buy their products. In this sense, Haksar is appealing to his audience to recognize where and how Nike’s products are being made. The innovation in brand imagery Nike has brought to the commercial world is unparalleled. The Swoosh and the â€Å"Just Do It† slogan are reminders that Nike sits in the top of its class when it comes to advertising. Sharad Haksar’s stunning Nike image in his â€Å"Brand Irony† series is a comment on this advertising and also an insight into how the products they market are produced. The image comes off, at first, just to be a humorous depiction of a boy urinating on a wall, but in fact is trying to shed light on the cruel and inhumane ways workers are exploited by companies like Nike. What the general public sees is Nike’s innovation and their leadership in their industry. What they don’t see are images like this.

Management Innovation and New Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Innovation and New Technology - Essay Example However, modern theories are moving away from this inventor mythology to more holistic approaches that are often based on complete processes and this has led to successful commercialization of new products and processes. An individual can confidently state that product innovation is a complex process rather than a one-day event. This means that there is a lot that is involved in product innovation. A number of insights are evident in the product innovation complexity. To begin with innovation starts and ends with invention (Wield & Rhode, 82). Invention refers to the discovery of new and intelligent ideas and artefacts. Despite the fact, that creating new idea is the baseline of innovation, it is noteworthy that the idea must be sorted out as to whether it is workable and or applicable into the societal context. In other words, innovation takes into consideration adapting the newly found ideas into practical productive application in particular work processes or product markets of a particular firm. The applications should not only be to specific firms but also to the entire economy and into the society. This proposition can be justified by the fact that despite Spencer Silvers discovering the Post-it brand adhesive before 1970 this noble invention was only commercialised in 1978 after the company (3M) had ignored for that long owing to lack of practical applicability (Ketteringham & Nayak 427). Silver’s moment of discovering the Post-it brand adhesive began in 3M’s Central Research Laboratories under program dubbed â€Å"Polymers for Adhesives† in 1964. It is unfortunate that despite the fact that silver came up with unique form of adhesive his new idea could not be taken seriously by the management because Silver could not find a problem to apply this great idea. It was until Arthur Fry a 3M chemist, a choir director and an amateur mechanic found a problem to Silver’s idea when he came up with the paper to paper application of the adhesive. According to Wield & Rhode (84), the complexity of product innovation can be understood by withdrawing the assumption that innovation takes a â€Å"linear flow†. It is noteworthy that successful innovation has no straight line considering that it does not spring from scientific invention all the way to develop a competitive edge. The nature of the link between a scientific invention and the technological development is in itself very complex and because of this reason, the link has often been confusing. Individuals need to understand that scientific invention benefits a lot from technological development in a number of ways that include but not limited to transfer of knowledge, network of profession, skills and instruments. In the case of 3M, it is evident that the company boasts of a poll of skilled scientists that range from chemists and engineers who worked tirelessly in 3M’s Central Research Laboratories to come up with new inventions. The idea that led i nto development of one of the best selling product of 3M named Post-it Note Pad resulted from a series of technological developments that took approximately 10 years (Ketteringham & Nayak 425). Successful product innovation is also a matter of interaction between a number of factors within and outside the organization (Wield & Rhode, 84). Studies indicate that those factors that key determinant to the commercial success of a product are found outside the areas which are commonly associated with the with the

Most Wanted Transportation Improvement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Most Wanted Transportation Improvement - Essay Example Board saw the need to alert the public about the different safety regulations which have to be imposed and which have to be complied with in the transportation sector. The safety of Emergency Medical Services flights, more particularly the Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) flights were recently added to the list. The NTSB accurately pointed out that the mission of the EMS is to save lives; therefore, operating an EMS flight in an unsafe environment â€Å"just makes no sense† (Rosenker, as quoted by Air Safety Week, 2008). This most wanted improvement identified by the NTSB involves the â€Å"conduct of flights with medical personnel on board in accordance with commuter aircraft regulations† (NTSB, 2009). This improvement is also being described in terms of developing and implementing flight risk evaluation programs; requiring formalized dispatch and flight-following procedures plus up-to-date weather information; and installing terrain awareness and warning systems on aircrafts (NTSB, 2009). In 2006, the NTSB adopted the NTSB Special Investigation Report where they sought out to establish the importance of the EMS and of guaranteeing the safety of these flights. This report assessed EMS accidents from January 2002 to January 2005 and they were able to uncover about 55 EMS accidents during said time with 29 of these accidents preventable through corrective measures (SafeMedFlight, n.d). Most of these flights involved helicopters deployed by the EMS where, most recent figures registered a total of 35 casualties. The preventable nature of these accidents is an important indicator of the need to implement changes and improvements in EMS flights. The report above prompted the NTSB to seek the assistance of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in order for the latter to adopt measures in order to improve the safety of EMS flights. The NTSB was able to establish, during its investigation and assessments, that there seem to be less stringent

Transitioning From Closed to Open Systems Research Paper

Transitioning From Closed to Open Systems - Research Paper Example Apparently, the nursing sector has an open and closed system of solving problems. In the open system a nursing facility is at freewill to look for external help from other facilities and organizations. However, closed system perspectives state that a facility will only seek solutions from the internal environment. The latter limits the number of solutions to the existing problems. In recent times, many health facilities have experienced a shortage in the number of nurses that should attend to patients. Nurses are considered vital in ensuring all the patients are recuperating at a desirable rate. This is owing to the basic services that are offered by the nurses which include exercises, administering drugs, feeding and cleaning of patients. Without adequacy in such services patients will not recover in good time. Therefore, shortage of nurses in the nursing sector is a blow as the patients rarely get the services they need (Smith, 2010). One prevalent issue is the lack of sufficient number of nurses, especially in the ICU. Most patients who are taken to the ICU require intensive care that involves various delicate services. Acceptable standards state that there should be at least one nurse taking care of two patients in the ICU. Nevertheless, in most health facilities this is a rare ratio. Most of the nurses have to offer their services to at least three patie nts, which obviously overworks the nurses leading to poor service delivery. In bizarre incidents a single nurse is forced to serve four patients in the ICU. This highly degrades the quality of services offered across the nursing profession. As such, it jeopardizes the health and safety of the patients in the ICU as well as the reputation of particular health institutions. Shortage of nurses is a prevalent problem that risks the lives of patients. There are various ways of solving the problem though. However, it would be a hard task to use a closed